Amalar Tablet (Sulfadoxine+Pyrimethamine) x3

Amalar Tablet is an antimalarial medication containing Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine. This combination therapy treats acute uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and serves as intermittent preventive therapy in pregnant women and infants.

Uses

Amalar Tablet treats uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, particularly in areas with chloroquine resistance. It’s used for intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp) and in infants (IPTi). The medication is effective against blood-stage parasites and helps prevent malaria complications.

Benefits

• Effective treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria
• Provides intermittent preventive therapy during pregnancy
• Single-dose treatment regimen for better compliance
• Cost-effective antimalarial option
• Reduces maternal and infant mortality from malaria
• Prevents low birth weight in endemic areas
• Long half-life provides extended protection
• Well-established safety profile in appropriate populations
• Suitable for mass drug administration programs

How It Works

Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine work synergistically by inhibiting different enzymes in the folate synthesis pathway of malaria parasites. Sulfadoxine blocks para-aminobenzoic acid utilization, while Pyrimethamine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. This dual blockade effectively kills parasites by preventing DNA synthesis and cell division.

Dosage

Take Amalar as a single dose with water, preferably after meals to reduce stomach upset.

Duration of Action

Amalar begins working within hours of administration, with parasite clearance typically occurring within 48-72 hours. The medication’s long half-life provides protection for 2-3 weeks after a single dose, making it suitable for preventive therapy schedules.

Side Effects

Most patients tolerate Amalar well. Common side effects include mild nausea, vomiting, and stomach upset. Some patients may experience headache, dizziness, or skin rash. Rare but serious reactions include severe skin reactions, blood disorders, or liver problems requiring immediate medical attention.

Warning

Amalar should not be used in patients with known sulfonamide or pyrimethamine allergies. Avoid in patients with severe liver or kidney disease, blood disorders, or folate deficiency. Not recommended for severe malaria treatment. Seek immediate medical care for severe skin reactions, unusual bleeding, or signs of liver problems.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Amalar is recommended for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy after the first trimester. It’s generally safe during the second and third trimesters when used as directed. The medication passes into breast milk in small amounts but is considered safe for nursing mothers in malaria-endemic areas.

Interaction

• May increase risk of folate deficiency with certain medications
• Potential interaction with anticonvulsants like phenytoin
• May enhance effects of warfarin and other anticoagulants
• Possible reduced effectiveness with folate supplements
• Could interact with methotrexate increasing toxicity risk

Precaution

Use with caution in patients with G6PD deficiency, liver or kidney impairment, or history of blood disorders. Monitor for signs of severe skin reactions, especially in the first few weeks of use. Ensure adequate folate intake through diet. Avoid prolonged or repeated courses without medical supervision.

Important Information

Amalar is not effective against all malaria species and may not work in areas with high resistance. Complete blood counts may be needed with repeated use. Continue using protective measures against mosquito bites. Store in cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. If symptoms persist or worsen after treatment, seek immediate medical attention.